Air pollution control status apc and urban apc nh3aq nh3 apc so2. The gaia air quality monitoring stations are using hightech laser particle sensors to measure in realtime pm2. Active children and adults, and people with respiratory disease, such as asthma, should limit prolonged outdoor exertion. Air pollution problems and diseases caused by hazardous. The decade long challenge of air pollution in tehran can be attributed to many causes. Co, so2, hc, o3, nox and pm that 80% of car fuel and the. Thus, the air in tehran is amongst the most polluted in the world. Air pollution in the iranian city of tehran is not new. The new world health organisation database of worldwide air pollution measures, released in may, put the iranian city of zabol, on the eastern border with.
Air pollution damages plant life and can result in lower yields of crops. Tehran air pollution, the recurring nightmare of tehraners from which there is no waking, is a complicated saga of the busy capital of iran. Air pollution in tehran is widely recognized as a serious environmental challenge, posing significant threats to the health of the resident population. According to the world health organization, six major air pollutants include particle pollution, groundlevel ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, and lead. Due to the air pollution in iran, the authorities also ordered mines and cement factories to close, and called on the elderly, children, pregnant women and people with heart problems to stay indoors. I believe that earth and its resources are every persons right and its not owned by anyone and our duty is to protect it for the benefit of other generations after us. The following sections of this chapter present the objectives of, and key. With the increase in air pollution over the past decade, cases of bone marrow and lung cancer related to high levels of lead in the air have exploded, health experts say. There are levels of air pollution in cambridgeshire that impact health. This symposium brought together more than 40 iranian and american air pollution, transportation, and. Iranians have suffered various types of air pollution in recent years. Estimation of perceptions about pollution in tehran. Air pollution is a huge mess in lebanon that is causing damages to peoples safety and earths climate also.
Three articles have been summarized, which evaluates the causes of air pollution in tehran, the health concerns, and explaining shortterm and longterm remedies that the government of iran has suggested. Tehran comprehensive air pollution forecasting system interregional platform for mapping and forecasting of air quality. Tehran blanketed with smog for third day straight cnn. Air pollution in all major cities of iran has reached a dangerous and alarming level. Delhi chokes on thick winter smog soaring air pollution in indias capital, new delhi, has led physicians to declare the situation a publichealth emergency. Air pollution control statusapc and urbun air quality index aq apc co apc no2 aqno2 assessment of air pollution in quetta, pakistan. Tehran air quality can affect your health, make sure to get a proper air pollution protection with our free tools tehran air quality app get airvisual, the worlds leading air quality app to track the air pollution around you, accurately.
Schools will be closed on wednesday in parts of tehran as severe air pollution continues to blanket the iranian capital, according state media. Some epidemiological evidence has shown a relation between ambient air pollution and adverse health outcomes. Geogenic6 emissions are defined as emissions caused by the nonliving world, such as volcanic emissions, seasalt emissions, and na tural fires. These various reports have all expressed real concerns and even detailed the causes of such calamity. Last year, 4,810 residents in tehran died because of air pollution, irgcrun news agency tasnim cited an official as saying. The relation between air pollution and respiratory deaths. All the air quality data are unvalidated at the time of publication, and due to quality assurance these data may be amended, without notice, at any time. Reliable forecasting of air pollution would allow taking more efficient countermeasures to. To mitigate environmental impacts, local authorities are required. Considerable number of inefficient clunker buses, trucks and cars ply in tehran and the car scrapping process is two slow compared to the vehicles import and production rate. Air pollution from outdoor and household sources jointly account for more than 7 million deaths 3.
The relation between air pollution and respiratory deaths in tehran, iran using generalized additive models azizallah dehghan1, narges khanjani2,3,9, abbas bahrampour4, gholamreza goudarzi5,6 and masoud yunesian7,8 abstract background. So besides anthropogenic emissions, it is useful to also consider geogenic emissions and biogenic emissions as contributors to air pollution. Temporal variations of ambient air pollutants and meteorological. New delhi smog, deathsentence appeal and a porpoise setback. Tehran, the capital city of iran, suffers from severe air pollution, and it is located near three major fault lines, while being the most populous region of the country. Tehran air pollution reaches alarming levels, schools closed. Once connected, air pollution levels are reported instantaneously and in realtime on our maps. Restrictions on old trucks, buses to reduce air pollution. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of air pollution on mortality from respiratory diseases in tehran, iran. World health organization classifies air pollution as the first cause of human cancer. Very easy to set up, they only require a wifi access point and a usb power supply. Pdf the main environmental problem of tehran is air pollution originating from natural topographic conditions as well as anthropogenic sources.
Hence, the rest of causality maps are presented in the supplementary file in detail figures to. Also more than 30000 taxis have been converted to lpg. In fact, ambient air pollution in tehran has become one of the most challenging. This study aimed to estimate the effect of ambient air pollutants on cardiovascular deaths in tehran, iran. Starting with tehran, emission inventories and mathematical air. These airborne chemicals can use energy from the suns radiation to break down ozone in the stratosphere, which in excess could cause climate change. Fanack home heavy air pollution shuts schools in iran. Case studies of air pollution monitoring in urban atmospheres. The present study investigated impact of air pollutants on the mortality rates of lung cancer and leukemia in shiraz, one of the largests cities of iran. Tehran air pollution with respect to fine and ultrafine particles is at a very serious levels, it needs immediate action and attention specially for black carbon and soot the idea is to upgrade the current diesel fleet starting with public transit buses to reduce particle number and mass to euro6 levels. In this ecological study, air pollution data was inquired from the tehran province environmental protection agency and the. Study it revealed that regions with permanently high levels of pollution have significantly more deaths than other regions, according to the researchers at martin luther university hallewittenberg mlu in germany.
The officials have created financial incentives to encourage around 5 million citizens to leave the city. The acute effects of air pollution on human health were amply proven in the 20th century, when severe air pollution in europe meuse valley and london and in the united states donora, pa caused deaths and disease in hundreds of thousands of people 1,2. Air pollution, its mortality risk, and economic impacts in. Health impact assessment of air pollution in megacity of. The tangled web of air pollution in tehran tehran times. Air pollution during pregnancy and placental adaptation in. Air pollution and cardiovascular death in tehran, iran lww journals. It has a number of different emission sources, but motor vehicles and industrial processes contribute the major part of air pollution. No painless solution to air pollution tehran times. Health costs, sources, and policies discussion paper english. The world air quality index project has exercised all reasonable skill and care in compiling the contents of this information and under no circumstances will the world air quality index project team or its agents be liable. Result of surveys about air pollution, water pollution, greens and parks satisfaction, light and noise pollution, etc.
Tehran air quality index aqi and iran air pollution. The people of tehran face crippling pollution every year, but the recent deterioration of air quality has provoked new levels of outrage. Tehran, a city with some 9 million residents, is experiencing its worst days with the lowest precipitation amounts and subsequently most polluted days with no rain or snow. Short term effects of ambient sulphur dioxide and particulate matter on mortality in 12 european cities. Tehrans notoriously bad air pollution has long been a health hazard for its 12 million people, but now the toxic mix of fumes has sent a different set of residents fleeing the citys black crows. Source apportionment of tehrans air pollution by emissions inventory reza bayat ayoob torkian. Air pollution in tehran sends hundreds to hospitals. Severe air pollution in irans capital, tehran, has put nearly 400 people in hospitals with heart and respiratory problems. Air pollution countermeasures in tehran page 5 products and in view of the lower pollution levels emitted by gaseous fueled vehicles, tehran municipality is planning to convert 4000 diesel fueled buses from the public transportation fleet to compressed natural gas cng.
The city of ahwaz is one of the biggest cities in iran, capital of khozistan province, situated on both sides of karoon river, with a population of one million the climate of this city, during most seasons, particularly summer, is very hot and humid reaching 5055 degrees centigrade. Euro vi trucks and buses in 2011, the toughest environmental norm to this date. Many of the worlds most polluted cities, including beijing, are similarly surrounded by mountains that keep stagnant air from leaving. Tehran, the capital of the islamic republic of iran iri, is located in the north of the. This issue was brought up for discussion in the iranian islamic consultative assembly in search of the urgent measures to deal with tehrans air pollution. The issue has become so pressing that the iranian clerical regimes environmental. Small particulates from traffic also contribute to indoor air pollution. As a noxious smog descends, tehran tries to ignore it. How aggravating air pollution is exposing tehran citizens. According to behzad ashjaei, breathing toxic emissions costs people in. Waked et al modeling air pollution in lebanon 5883 t able 7. Interregional platform apfs air pollution forecasting system results from the close collaboration of fuel, combustion and emission fce research center, sharif university of technology and air quality control company aqcc.
Topography and climate add to the pollution problem. Despite beijing, chinas, notorious battle with air pollution, the city was only ranked ninth on the list, and new delhi, india, which also previously topped the list, dropped to 11th place. Pdf source apportionment of tehrans air pollution by emissions. Tehran air pollution with respect to fine and ultrafine particles is at a very serious levels, it needs immediate action and attention specially for black carbon and soot the idea is to upgrade the current diesel fleet starting with public transit buses to. Tehrans air pollution problem to be solved in five years. According to an expert at meteorological agency, air pollution will continue for at least another five days across iran. Scania was the worlds first manufacturer to introduce serial production of. Air pollution has been linked to a number of health problems, such as asthma, heart attack and air quality, allergies, and breathing problems among. Among the cities reporting to the world health organization, the following have high levels of particulate matter contributing to poor air quality. This paper discusses the health impacts arising from ambient and household air pollution globally and at the national level india and recommends policy measures to reduce the health impact from air.
Tehran shuts schools as thick smog is linked to hundreds. In the 50s, 60s and 70s, along with a rapid population growth of tehran, automobile ownership raised dramatically. Automotive emissions are an extremely large part of air pollution today. The effects of air pollutants on the mortality rate of. Restrictions on dilapidated trucks and buses, which are responsible for much of the air pollution, can help improve air quality in the cold season when pollution levels peak, the head of the. Automobiles and other forms of transportation emit pollutants such as cfcs, nox, carbon monoxide. Outdoor air pollution is a mix of chemicals, particulate matter, and biological materials that react with each other to form tiny hazardous particles. Iran symposium on air pollution in megacities was convened september 35, 20, at the beckman center in irvine, california. Air pollution prevention in tehran essay 711 words. Urban air pollution is a major health risk in several large iranian cities. Katsouyanni k, touloumi g, spix c, schwartz j, balducci f, medina s, et al.
Ghazal oshaghi envt 801 research paper air pollution in tehran air pollution has been a major issue in tehran, the capital of iran. Exposure to air pollution can cause both acute shortterm and chronic longterm health effects. Resources corresponding to more than 5000 man years of development where invested in this achievement, ensuring the. Air pollution in the iranian capital, tehran, has reached an alarming level once again, prompting authorities to shut down kindergartens and primary continue january 17, 2016.
Establishment of iranian car production factories like iran khodro and pars khodro, and also foreign car import caused massive inflow of cars into the streets of tehran. Since the passage of the clean air act, policy and highlevel documents have been produced. Heavy air pollution closes schools in major iranian cities. Clean air act 1995 classifies 3 air pollution sources motor vehicles. Hassan abbas, a tehran emergency services official, said on. Improving air quality will be difficult for many reasons, including climate and topography, heavy dependence on motor vehicles for mobility, and limited resources to reduce polluting emissions. Air pollutants can aggravate existing heart and lung conditions. Air pollution is causing serious deceases even death to many. There are many international and domestic reports on the subject of air pollution in iranian cities. Chlorofluorocarbons cfcs reduces the amount of ozone. How aggravating air pollution is exposing tehran citizens to a new disease iranian diplomacy on saturday, shahrvand daily, the official organ of iranian red crescent society, reported that only in two tehran hospitals, almost 90 patients are annually diagnosed with anthracosis, a respiratory condition commonly known as black lung disease.
1228 725 1392 813 1190 1527 1414 1090 1517 629 384 373 328 99 718 720 442 304 1494 717 139 226 915 737 635 205 1061 1562 1144 1056 746 1300 1402 759 594 520 330